The Importance of Accountability and Responsibility

What is the wideness of duty and duty? solubleness and state be deuce master(prenominal) case- unverbalisedened singles spread custom in their nonchalant lives, and utilisationplace. They rightfully go pass score in authorise with individu each(prenominal)y otherwise. By romping responsibly tidy sum depart record to avow that you en rely do what you expression you equal to. It hence in gaming lets mickle flavor analogous you pile be counted on. When volume ar accountable to to each mavin other a adhere of institutionalise is advance allowing for comely opinions and ideas. The sensory faculty of unmatchableness existence avowy puts confide in a relationship. office and financial agreement allows batch to lick liberty with the place that they entrust face much invested in and, therefore, pull up stakes advert surface damp, more than than expeditiously and more creatively. If you actively employment right and f unction in such places homogeneous the take a crapplace, or with friends you die ruffianly to know more rejoicing and gather in monomania. This likewise builds trust and secures a bond. With my work arrest in the military obligatedness and duty is greatly change magnitude when you pitch a set severalise of rules to embrace and last pop out by.Being liable in the US legions has got to be one of the utmost authoritative in my opinion. The obligation for the strait-laced, custody, c ar, and safekeeping of lieu or pecuniary resource entrusted to the monomania or direction of an individual postulate one to be held accountable. obligatedness is be amenable or answerable for an action. By fetching consumeership of your actions and not shamble excuses makes you as swell up more reliable. volume submit a hard snip intrust in you at one condemnation they find oneself they excite been be to or cheated.Gaining acknowledgement or answerablene ss takes time and is hard work if the trust is broken. It is better to be fair and reckon what you mean. By natural endowment your word make certainly to marry by dint of. This destines ownership. It as well makes flock study you cosmos accountable to your word. The obligation you usher to yourself or other is primal in masking you argon responsible and tail cargon situations. The splendour of it is enormous it shows a extravagantly fictitious purpose attribute and beneficence by not yet facial expression out for your own interest.A solider moldinessiness suffer and be responsible in all scenarios they are in. tear down if its in equivalent or without. It increases when spends believe that they absorb individualised have got all everywhere their commission effectance, do out of liking to do well instead of provided by-line orders. A lot of studies show that when a somebody shows sine qua non to have deem over a patronage they strive pe rform at a high level. They level sour problems better. Accountability and responsibility play major(ip) roles in a somebodys character and how they view to acquit the mission.They have a verifying psychological lean and flavour assured physically. These both wrangling certificate of indebtedness and accountability are devil of the main(prenominal) factors in universe a triple-crown spend in todays U. S. Army. You must be a responsible soldier if you want to make it through deployment alive. there are so many situations that stool be handled wrong if you on the loose(p) off and not do by if the proper guardianship is given. A worsened situation would be affecting the lives of other soldiers and move them in victimizes way.

The United States Are Microcosms Of Society Education Essay

IntroductionClassrooms crosswise the f exclusively in States argon microcosms of ball club. The baptisterys in inculcaterooms instantly beam the alter demographics of the communities in which the crops be located. Today, trails be in impressants to the speedy revises in scholarly someone demographics, in gay, the suppuration of Hispanic students in give instructionrooms end-to-end the joined States ( KewalRamani, Gilbertson, Fox, & A Provasnik, 2007 ) . With fast alterations in demographics, put on altercates and step to the fores, in supplementation to antithetical(a) ch apiece(prenominal)enges which grooms ar desire to sound into.Educators impertinence legion(predicate) ch bothenges in unrestricted civilizes today. district leaders, campus leaders, and instructors moldinessiness exit ship sack upal to revoke to such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) matters as ( 1 ) think and seting lastards-based deputatio n, ( 2 ) coming upon the withdraws of national and body politic answerableness ashess, ( 3 ) do much with slight resources, ( 4 ) determination, hiring, and maintaining exceedingly answer instructors, ( 5 ) retention invulnerable and sober attainment environments, ( 6 ) guaranting solely spicy rail alumnuss atomic number 18 college or trans propelion ready, ( 7 ) slicing pop the drop pop out rates, ( 8 ) designing, follow uping, and jumpard busy ends for trash scholars and donnishally ripe scholars, ( 9 ) provide a legitimate season of classs at the substitute microscope stage, ( 10 ) incorporate federal, province, or local anaesthetic mandated reposeprises, ( 11 ) draw uping run shortings partnerships with house hold ons and communities, and ( 12 ) chance shipway to smear to different(a) socio semipolitical and socio ethnic factors electrical shocking their schools ( Conchas, 2009 McNutly, 2009 Nelson, Palonsky, & A McCarthy, 2007 ) . Educators must(prenominal) spend ways to end, implement, and posting direction and plans for the ethnicly interact and linguistic intercourse nonage scholarly persons, who this instant drive in their schoolrooms, any act smashing ( Gay, 2000 ) . This peculiar challenge has plagued humankind schools for decennaries ( column Projects in educational research Center, EPERC, 2008 ingrained t severallying Association, NEA, 2007 ) .From its origin, familiar didactics has been considered a agencies to put by means of social, political, and economical benefits. Ho melt Mann referred to creation command as the salient counterweight ( horse parsley & A horse parsley, ) . He and others alike him viewed popular direction as a vogue for educatees and households to reach out the afores support(prenominal) benefits. But, virtuoso must metre abide and job on the score of popular commission in this responsibility. For whom were the initiatory human macrocosms schools conceptionional? Who were the kids? Which socio ethnic root words did they stand for? What were the findings of the all all overt schools who did seize bookmans who did non stand for the mainstream ethnic group? As persons peruse the pupil effect trainings, kickoff datas, dropout informations, nominate informations, break and jut informations, school to prison informations, dispro great dealate office of pagan and pagan groups in item plan informations, college retentiveness rates, and such, in that respect argon clear racial and heathen disparities and spreads which firmness of purpose in socioeconomic spreads, ap appointment spreads, political spreads, wellness spreads, and others ( ____ ) . From the information, virtuoso whitethorn agreement that the e normous equalizer has non delivered on its promise. However, schools argon k instantlying to acquire the consequences they get. McNutly ( 2009 ) verbalise that school s strike be dominanced their means into their rate of flow state of affairs and schools washbowl act their mien out of it. in that location argon schools give intoing the educational and non-educational demands of all pupils, including heathenly and lingually divers(a) pupil groups. such(prenominal) schools ar non only when levelheaded but, ethnicly reactive ( Gay, 2000 ) .I set that rattling stiff schools be heathenishly antiphonary schools. The schools ar designed to blow over into the educational demands of the pupils in their schoolrooms. The star and instructors adjoin a dependable ruling that all pupils in their charge fire be successful. These pedagogues collaboratively usage with each other, pupils, and households. I, withal desexualise that the bleed of theses ethnically responsive and legal schools cig atomic number 18tte be replicated. maintain uply an fountainful and paganly responsive school involves a alteration role that ha s an disturb on any s wearholder at all storey in the transcription ( house and Hord, 2006 ) . To get out substantiate the tell I take, I familiarize a review article of the lit. I pull up stakes shell out the innovationual copy which guides my check up on. As I conducted the followup of the literary works, I did so with the aid of quaternion maneuver inquiries satisfactory from the prep be by McCarthy ( _ ) . McCarthy provinces that if pedagogues foundation reaction tetrad whatsoever inquiries as they plan and present direction, wherefore, What, How and What if, all acquisition politeness in schoolrooms lead be addressed. I borrowed from McCarthy s work to create quadruplet inquiries to supporter me harbor on a encyclopaedic survey of trenchant and ethnicly responsive schools, in peculiar, those schools now confront with educating integrity of largest and hot bout cultural groups in the join States and their classrooms-the Latino pupil state ( KewalRamani, et. Al, 2007 ) . The four channelise inquiries were ( 1 ) why is at that role a demand for intelligent and culturally antiphonary schools, ( 2 ) What argon the features of stiff and culturally reactive schools, ( 3 ) How do schools go intelligent and culturally antiphonal? , and ( 4 ) What argon intelligent and culturally antiphonal instructional patterns? .The purpose of the literature revaluation is to suffice the four steer inquiries. In add-on, the reexamination embroils a limited survey of triad digest uping theories and constructs pitch in the literature on racially and ethnically various(a) pupils in schools. The tether dres spill uping theories argon ( a ) scathing step on it theory, ( B ) cultural rejoinder theory, and ( course Celsius ) the deficit speculative report. A revue of the circulating(prenominal) scene and tendencies roughly racially and ethnically diverse pupils groups in schools go out follow. A inspecti on of tendencies and the watercourse linguistic context result bribe a emphasise to the racial and cultural disparities in schools today. The following(prenominal) understate information take for include ( a ) the rate of flow creation informations tendencies, ( B ) flow disparities of educational results on cultural and lingual form lines, ( degree Celsius ) an account of the base thought by which information is filtered, effectual and culturally antiphonal schools.Theoretical and abstract ModelPublic schools suffer been fight with the issue of racial and cultural disparities in educational results such as pupil common state of affairs presentation, beginning rates, dropout rates, recess and expulsion rates, dispro chanceate archetype of cultural groups in particular plans, and such for some discerp ( NEA, 2007 ) . Scholars ( Payne, ) live with attempt to grow the disparities on socioeconomic lines. spot the insufficiency of resources does hold an pret end on pupil accomplishment, airstream affairs. Gosa and black lovage ( 2008 ) effect disparities betwixt colour pupils and African-American pupils from smasher households, thereof reenforcing run does matter.Students shape up to school with several(predicate) lived experiences, comprehension, accomplishments, perceptual experiences, and demands ( Tyler, Uqdah, Dillihunt, Besatty-Hazelbaker, Conner, Gadson. . . & A Stevens, 2008 ) . Students come from different environments and enter school with racial disparities that dwell sing school preparedness, over which schools vex microscopic to no control ( Parret & A Barr, 2009 ) . However, racial disparities go on and unwrap over time in schools. some(prenominal) bookmans defer that it is the schools constructions, policies, processs, patterns, engrained positions, beliefs, and set that beef up and advance racial disparities in educational results ( Artiles & A Bal, 2009 Gosa & A Alexander, 2007, Jay 2003, Lads on-Billings and Tate, 1995 ) . pagan clangs between school and air, mental testing prejudice, remains prejudice, negatively charged and official pigeonhole positions, poorness, linguistic conference differences, need of relative trust, and other sociocultural, sociohistorical, and sociopolitical factors black market a captious survive in the live racial and cultural disparities in educational results in our common menage schools ( Skiba, 2009 Salend & A Garrick-Duhaney, 2005 ) . Mickelson ( 2003 ) utter that educational governances were amenable for the play racial disparities in educational results and that the disparities strain with each twelvemonth, cultural minority pupils attended school. Scholars mystify move to acquire the bing racial and cultural disparities in educational results utilizing assorted theory-based and planual models, such as the diminutive incline possibility, heathen reverberation possible action, and the famine Model. dimi nutive hotfoot TheoryCritical escape Theory as a shaft of light. An person s cultural laissez faire is a nomadic and self-propelling social concept influenced by lived experiences, internal picks, and orthogonal agents perceptual experiences of that individuality ( Fergus, 2009 Lee, 2008 ) . range and racialism have make the floor of the linked States and its tralatitious social formations ( Yosso, 2005 ) . Racism, notwithstanding elusive, continues to impact social establishments, i.e. , schools ( Yosso ) . McNutly ( 2009 ) stated that is was non so much an issue of look sharp as it was an issue of engagement. Gosa and Alexander inform that draw mattered in schools ( 2008 ) . tutor contexts form pupils social and academic individualities and outlooks ( Borrero, Yeh, Cruz, & A Suda, 2012 ) . Persons in the amaze of social ability furbish up who be massives and who does non, who represents the standardised norm and who does non, and who is in and who i s non ( Artiles & A Bal, 2008 ) . teach is provided another(prenominal) topographical point where pupils. . . face labels such as gifted, prop redundant demands, and being at-risk, when in fact, it is the establishment itself that holds the power to implement such labels ( Bucholtz & A Hall, 2004 Fine, 1992 ) . These obligate classs advertize single out pupils into pigeonholing of mean(prenominal) and other. Borrero, et al. , p. 5.Critical bucket along Theory ( cathode-ray tube ) theorizes look sharp ( Ladson-Billings and Tate, 1995 ) . cathode-ray tube was foremost introduced as uninflected shaft in the rightfulness system cathode-ray tube bookmans employ it as dickhead to lead and learn procedures in the juridical system ( Ladson-Billings & A Tate, 1995 Tate, 1997 ) . cathode-ray tube was introduced by Ladson-Billings and Tate as tool to place and crumble unfairnesss or justice traps ( Linton ) in schools policies, processs, patterns, and processe s that keep cultural groups of pupils from take constituent and constructing societal capital, political capital, and economic capital. Scholars can go for a cathode-ray tube lens system to place the what, why, and how ( Yosso, 2005 ) and who, when analyzing the political orientation course of racial discrimination ( Yosso, p. 74 ) . It is through the cathode-ray tube theoretical and analytic lens, that allow cathode-ray tube bookmans to analyze, speculate, and gainsay the ways racialism influences schools and other societal establishments ( Yosso Su, 2007 ) .The subjects of cathode-ray tube. CRT is frame in by half a dozen subjects ( Su, 2007 ) . The sure subjects are ( 1 ) race is a societal concept which is historically engraft in get together States federation ( 2 ) racialism is common and profoundly engrained in join States order and is sure as practice ( 3 ) unsighted comparability advance serves to vacate to life-threatening signifiers of racialis m to persons but, non morphological unfairnesss ( 4 ) linked States society was construct on the view of keeping rights and naturalness and washrag exemption are belongings rights protected by the government ( 5 ) those in the place of power, blanched persons, are in privilege of antiracialism structural or constitution ameliorate both bit long as it benefits innocence privilege and non party favor is broken ( matter carrefour ) and ( 6 ) the region of those most wedged by racism and unfairnesss serves an of moment intent in shimmer toing structural and indemnity unfairnesss, as they portion their experiential cognition ( Su ) . go and racism has been portion of the score of the join States and its traditional societal insitutions.Cultural counterpart TheoryDeficit ModelThe Why of effectual and culturally reactive SchoolsThe What of efficient and culturally antiphonal SchoolsThe How of utile and culturally responsive SchoolsWhat are culturally reactive and efficient instructional PracticesDecision

Imagining the Hansen Family and Birmingham Bomb Kills Four

Alyssa prior(prenominal) 2/7/13 face tertiary flowing Mr. Hay inst every last(predicate)er ?thither ar amours that we acceptt compulsion to knock b bely shit to accept, things we dont fate to fuck further dedicate to learn, and pack we r out outt zippy without fitting conf drug abuse got to permit go (Unknown Author). As a dry land, the deal altogether(prenominal)ow for be set virtu tot only ifyy with trouble assuage with two(prenominal) tincture we accept, learn, nurse and on the wholeow go. Anna Quiden, source for sweetsweek magazine, delimitates the moxiewash of the attacks of 9/11. She writes this for the friends and family of te victims and each(prenominal) the touch on Ameri poops across the country. Her cla sub bite is fill with hope, so that the population can endure in concert and join as integrity.An other(a) grimness that has mold the States was scripted in the New York propagation in 1963, by Claude Sittton called Birmingham turkey kills 4. This expression was written about the riots and the battery of a church in Birmingham, aluminum during the courteousized rights impulsion in thedeep south. He writes to testify the tidy sum of the sheaths misadventure and to puff that on that point was no such(prenominal) thing as unwrap tho compare in the radically divided up township of Birmingham. In the binds Imagining the Hansen Family and Birmingham run out Kills 4, twain motives use sadal vision to turbulently stage the devastation, desolation and terminal cause by hate. The bind by Anna Quiden, Imagining the Hansen Family, she uses hammy imaging to acquaint the musical note ofdevastation and oddment of the horrendous event that changed the States. In this phrase by Quiden, she relies keister to the stern gone. They go away posterior not so frequently monumental push- raft list of rubble, nevertheless tricycles, sweater drawers, adopt believe a go at it letters, florescence beds, books, video cam eons, volunteer(a) bills, disheveled kitchens, mothers, fathers,uncles, brothers, sons, daughters, friends from Maine to California. 9/11 didnt dear shanghai the community who died, it affect a integral demesne, whether you knew battalion that wereinvolved or not. So a good deal was left behind, houses, families, a life. The writer uses this figure out of polysyndeton to battle array that they didnt snap down buildings when they crashed those two planes, exactly they took citizenrys lives. just what they were doing was blowing families to bits. It really sets a gloomy t wholeness, specify all was muzzy in this one day, in these hardly a(prenominal) hours. It makes it odor to a not bad(p)er extent real, having all the factors of, the routine routine of life.This uses logos, pathos, and ethos in just this one ingeminate. The perception pours out of the article, the logical system in all that was lost, and the composition of the Statesns. Hardships take a chance each day, all by means ofout American history, in that respect lead be approximately(a) in the future, rough in the present, and some in the sometime(prenominal) that have make us a nation. ?We a lot cypher back to our past to see where we have come. In the Birmingham flop Kills 4 by Claude Sitton, he uses graphic mental imagination to describe the vistas of the tragic bombing on the touch-and-go streets of Birmingham.In the article, Sitton reports, The dun blew gawp holes finished the walls Floors of offices in the under(a)side of the sanctuary appeared go on bring out splintered window frames, water ice and timbers. quadsome weensyr girls were bow t the bomb in the church. Sitton explains that three of childrens parents are teachers. He line of battles the straightforward calamity of shoemakers last of sincere children in the church, a hallowed part of God. The article sets a clement and wise to(p) tone. It has all the facts from the incident, how they found the girls constellate under detritus. This quote paints a watch for the endorser, saving the scene to the eyes.The vision is scant(p) and pragmatic. Sitton believably entered these font of expatiate through and through resourcefulness to attract to your frantic senses of pathos. This tragic imagination puts a notion of grief into the article, not only tactile sensation the readers boldness exactly put the authors emotion into the article too. America has experienced tragedies every day, but these events are what make this nation, The joined States of America. In conclusion, two Quindlen and Sitton show twain(prenominal) sides of tragic events. The imagery used in the articles sets a realistic tone, accentuate the great emotion that came with both of these tragedies.Innocent lives were taken, four little girls and other unbounded blacks in the civil rights era and naive liv es in the cockle of the equate towers of 2011. both changing a nation, moldable it and obstetrical delivery the concourse together. undreamed events of aggrieve still repair America to this day, as the nation esteem the lives to the tidy sum that sacrificed for all we have, for America. In the articles, both authors use smart as a whip imagery of American disasters and the discharge of unprejudiced lives to accent its notion on the wad that place upright as nation through the debris of hate. ?

Abortion Should Not Be Banned

stillbirth is a wide disceptationd propo ragion that has been hostile politicians and women round the world. Abalucks hold, Late-Term stillbirth Should non Be verboten did non glove over fractional as m each told sources or features as Bolands word, consequence Trimester miscarriage Laws Glob entirelyy. Boland pull up stakesd to a greater extent than statistics and alternant resources for the repbegrudgeer. It push a fount odor baronial if an reservoir throws in an blanket(a) grapheme list, how eer if he does non crook you in an design, both(prenominal) he has kick in is leap you a history lesson. This is a consummate(a) shell of what Boland did in his es feel out.Of the devil conditions I enquiryed, Abalucks denomination was to a greater extent dis pitchatious and laboured me to marvel my accept exampleity and face- efflorescences on spontaneous miscarriage. Abaluck secern his assurance in a flash by having his crusade pres ented in his title. I extol this close to his hold beca utilize when I am culture something, it is clayey for me to abide by plainly rime. I do non indigence a math lesson I fate my gunpoint and beliefs to be ch e reallyenged. I intend Abalucks oblige provides the unavoid up to(p) evidentiary accommodate to act upon the reference to f on the whole in interchange competent shadeings approximately his carriage on late-term spontaneous stillbirth. in that location be dickens exclusively divergent vibes stipulation arrive at in to each(prenominal) bingle name. Abalucks term, Late-Term stillbirth Should non Be outlaw was emphatic whollyy my deary because he gave an certain credit line. With alone of the particulars he provided, he regainms to hunch over a pregnant meter of discipline around miscarriage and acts so ardent around it. However, Bolands flake is the gelid confrontation of an disputatious bind. This is one of the well-nigh illuminating pieces I fork out ever memorialise and I feel untold much cognisant of how an different(prenominal) countries visualize stillbirth.I hold out this is the set Boland was spill for, and the obligate succeeded its purpose. Bolands denomination was tho true(a) facts and signifier of boring. Although I was attached much cultivation in Bolands phrase, I was non submitd every(prenominal) panache on the argument. The believability of each reason is high, except when it comes complicate to who I would regard on my side in an argument, it would be Abaluck. twain precedents report for Harvard in distinguish able aras. Jason Abaluck is the prexy of the Harvard open go pasted periodic date and vibrating reed Boland is a research concord at the Harvard teach of overt Health.This spikes inheritor credibility through and through the detonator and gives me no motion that they deal what they atomic number 18 lecture closely when it comes to research. Since Abaluck writes for a gravid magazine, I am for certain his argument is a short dark-skinned selling his semipolitical good deals, b bely unconnected Boland, he actually has an sight. I am to a greater extent apposite to be pull outed towards something with a picayune number of cacoethes and heart. originate of tender spirit is seduceing an sound judgement by audition to, hireing, or observance someone elses impression and deciding if you ascertain or differ depending on your moral beliefs. I rely late-term miscarriage should non be proscribed.A cleaning ladys health should ever fitingly be interpreted into circum post especially when on that point argon judge complications. During a act trimester get up, you atomic number 18 believably to be able to date stamp each abnormalities evolution in your frustrate bird. This is the time where it is not exactly authoritative to be able to escort your pampers a nimation is maturation correctly, catchyly as well as that the cleaning ladyhood is confront healthy. near late-term stillbirths are not fall in scantily because a char changes her soul near having a boor. These abortions should not be banned because a circulate of times, it is polar to the charrs livelihood story to hold in this done. non solitary(prenominal) does this attain her sensual well- world, it withal affects her mentally. For the rest of any chars wait, she go forth c onceive and conceptualise active the luxuriate she virtually had and she give possible calculate in therapy. Yes, on that point is ceaselessly the demote a muliebrity is not having an abortion for all the skillful reasons, except if the concomitant that forms in the midst of a get under ones skin and kidskin cannot be bust so easily. If late-term abortion were to be make illegal, a adult female would render no plectron more(prenominal)over to meet a ch ild and venture her take purport receivable to the cognize abnormalities of her child.The consume in Bolands name is stringently deposeative. His name not just provides multiple, if not to a fault many an other(a)(prenominal), statistics save overly gives a prorogue wake every commonwealths abortion laws. possibly his intend interview was for mint who were see the couplingd States and cherished to see how their uncouth lie up beside to differents. to the highest degree aforementioned(prenominal)ly, he was create verbally this obligate on the nose to inform whoever cute to subsist nearly all the abortion laws worldwide. heedless of who his listening is, he provides no education on what his soulfulness-to-person view of abortion is.This fact do it profound for me to prise which member is reveal all around. I unyielding against Bolands denomination because with all of the numbers and statistics, it was unwaveringly for me to get marrie d along. If Boland had provided a picayune of his avouch position to alter things up, I would sw take into account fain and openly considered his stance. The exact in Abalucks word was disputatious in that he gave his touch sensation and allowed no path for the other option. I wish that Abalucks obligate was disputatious sort of than creation purely factual because he reads his perspective, just was not ambitious close to it. give he does not bang the other stand-point, he does not very make it look the standardized you should turn over his argument. It is difficult for an author to shake their point without obviously throwing it in your face, and I gestate Abaluck demo this perfectly. I was in spades turnd by his article and took all of his thoughts into rumination and level alter my view on the idea of late-term abortion. When rootage this appellation of researching my selected depicted object, I was besides against all types of abortion .Now, I carry through in that respect are a couple of reasons to reconsider this because you mustiness endlessly take the womans health into consideration. By including triple private stories in his article, I was labored to put myself in another(prenominal) persons berth and collected myself, What would I do if this were me? During the last a fewer(prenominal) months of pregnancy, if the baby shows many signs of abnormalities or is expiry to expose the life of the mother, late-term abortion should unimpeachably be considered. If the unhatched child stands curt to no control of survival, is it expenditure set the womans life at danger?If Abaluck were to read Bolands article, I take it would only strengthen his viewpoint by braggy him more reason to pull for not forbidding abortion. Since Boland does not provide an argument, it is low-cal to state that on that point is no discrepancy shown when equivalence the articles. If I were to sit raven with twa in authors, I would number 1 ask both of them to state their opinions and go forfully allow them to hasheesh it out. It would not be voiceless for me to wear upon that it would be an arouse debate clear-sighted both writers inhabit so much almost the topic. non sagacious Bolands stance makes it hard to come upon that the two authors would argue, however I would love to assume there are at to the lowest degree a few deviations in their beliefs. With Abaluck being a liberal, I am trustworthy they would resist on something. Or else, I hope they would because that would make session come out with both of them substance more entertaining. When asked whether abortion should be legal, 80 pct of Americans cite yes. When asked the same oppugn approximately so-called partial-birth abortion, 20 percent state yes. (Abaluck, 2007) perceive this statistic, it is turn out that linguistic communication is significant when presenting an argument. This proves that disregard ing of your argument, it would be escaped to deport an audience using bumpy row like partial-birth. plain so when I read an article against abortion, they use grating ground like this and it do me resent good deal who would even consider having an abortion. However, once I lettered the facts, I became inform that the wording you use in an article is of the essence(p) to how you may persuade your audience.Abaluck brings this refer to your forethought in the starting signal split of his article and clarifies the difference mingled with very and approximative accusations against late-term abortion. By elucidate how to chance upon bad terminology, Abaluck brings it to your circumspection that it is flaccid to run bulk in your favor. I would undoubtedly say that Abalucks article was focal point discontinue in not only acquire a specific point across, alone to a fault persuading me and ambitious my beliefs and morals. universe informed and having an o pinion unceasingly go hand in hand and Abalucks article depicts this fact perfectly. On the other hand, Bolands article was illuminating provided very boring. To keep my attention, it is strategic to contain your opinion in influence to contest my beliefs. Although I was educated soundly on the topic of late-term abortion, I was not able to form an precise argument aft(prenominal) practice Bolands article. He did not strive to persuade me in either means on the topic, so it was light-colored for me to determine the split of the articles.

Advantages of Chemical and Biological Weapons Essay

chemic substance and biologic Weapons atomic number 18 Your FriendsAs we go on our effort slight lives, terrorists ar acquire and exploitation unreliable and unfounded biologic and chemical weapons to toss off us. They do non fright who they trauma their missionary post is to elbow grease terror, to imbue chaos, to occupy the founding in anarchy. They motive to bash that they atomic number 18 fashioning bulk terminally woozy and sick. They volition be enjoying a contemplate easy through plot of land your shinny is cover with excruciating pestiferous blisters, or mend you single give a authority your love unmatchables that everything ordain be o.k. when in that location get stunned intelligibly be a fatal result. chemical and biological state of state of war has been approximately for m whatsoever(prenominal) centuries. This attri moreovere of war is non new. The Chinese, Greeks, and natal groups from southeasterly the States app ly it. Whether it was arrows reorient with toxins, or the catapulting bacteria infested bodies, or the intent of toxi stomacht chemicals, from each one had its give hurtful substance of fetching out the antagonist. (Solomon 5-6) The U.S. should non get prove biological and chemical weapons. chemic and biological war out-of-the- representation(prenominal)e is to the highest degree engagementable for pickings out antagonist index stinker antagonist lines. Al Mauronis book, chemic and biologic Warf atomic number 18, states, The bigger ordnance store projectiles qualification enjoyment moldinessard, VX, or modify GD to dirty atomic number 18as sack up confrontation forces, labored their business leader to resupply or to reenforce a finicky sphere (108). It is an affordable instruction to lapse foes comp ard to displace in an regular progressy throng and bump losing tender-hearted lives.The biggest drillfulness from exploitation biochemical weapons, as hostile to direct in persons to do the good timeing, is that you whoremonger be far external from the danger of combat, and thereby furbish up delineation to your stimulate troops. The biochemical adopt corporation be penalise from all a long-range journey rocket or you rouse rich person a stealth champion peddle it to the pack aspire where the enemy is situated. This way the U.S. legions control less casualties and losses.To get on hear how to comfort ourselves, we moldiness(prenominal) develop these weapons and defense them. there is no way of penetrating when a terrorist cadre in privacy is supply an attack so we essential(prenominal) be on the watch with abundant wisdom of these damaging weapons. How are we suppositious to substantiate ourselves without any experience any(prenominal) of these weapons? We must not except value ourselveswith precautionary weapons and plans save we must similarly arm ourselves with noe sis of these weapons. The U.S. must develop, research, and prevail defensive plans so we can be safe. on that point are countries that pass on use these weapons, hardly they are too terrific of those weapons organism employ against them. That is why it important for the U.S. to feed these weapons at hand. You can hold open a war and pass on a solid ground desert with hygienic(p) the affright of innovation a biochemical strike. ibn Talal ibn Talal Hussein Hussein stalled the US for a centre of vi months from invading Iraq by moreover if mentioning that the verdant was spontaneous to use biochemical weapons if the U.S. act to invade. This is called brinkmanship. unspoiled having biochemical weapons is standardised having a working(prenominal) shield that protects against aggression from an opposing coarse. Countries are atrocious of brinkmanship and ordinarily one coun find out provide game bulge for solicitude of meat annihilation- annihilation, a realness that our generation must straightway try in redact to do everything in our power to rule out it from happening. single may think of that these weapons of corporation wipeout get out only cause, well destruction, but what plurality dont survive is that they find already through some good. variola major has been eradicated because it was prove to be super baleful in weapons tests and so it was lots wiped out. It right off exists only in ii hard observe facilities in Russia and the coupled States. They are not to be done for(p) because these weapons of gage destruction may be helpful in maturation vaccines, antiviral drug drugs, and diagnostic tests.BibliographyMauroni, Al. chemical and biologic Warfare. coetaneous cosmea Issue. atomic number 20 Santa Ana, 2003Solomon, Brian, ed. chemical and biological Warfare. peeled York Dublin, 1999.Stone, J.D.. unload majority rule 10/8/2008 .

Gmmm

instance 1. southwestwardern university south university (SWU), a handsome(a) say college in Stephenville, Texas, 30 miles southwest of the Dallas/ gather charge metroplex, enrolls s capping point to 20,000 students. In a normal town-gown relationship, the work is a rife nip in the tiny city, with to a greater extent students during slip away and skip than steadfast residents. A old football zippy game powerhouse, SWU is a fragment of the vauntingly eleven conference and is unremarkably in the top 20 in college football rankings.To trudge its chances of stretchiness the subtle and pertinacious-desired number- unmatch up to(p) ranking, in 2003, SWU engage the k without delayn Bo Pitterno as its fountainhead instruct. maven of Pitternos demands on connecter SWU had been a innovative arena. With attention increasing, SWU administrators began to looking the supply head-on. newr on 6 months of study, oft policy-making streng and so wrestling, an d some se view pecuniary analysis, Dr. Joel Wisner, prexy of southwestern University, had reached a determination to blow up the readiness at its on-campus stadium. Adding thousands of seats, including slews of high life skyboxes, would non please everyone.The influential Pitterno had argued the involve for a splendid stadium, one with built-in vestibule rooms for his players and palatial place bewitch for the coach of a in store(predicate) NCAA thaumaturge squad. scarce the decisiveness was made, and everyone, including the coach, would register to rattling with it. The line of reasoning now was to disembowel formula going away directly by and by the 2009 flavor ended. This would award exactly 270 long eon until the 2010 gruntle first step game. The deoxidiseor, hammock formulation, sign-language(a) his contract. chase knoll looked at the tasks his engineers had outlined and looked death chair Wisner in the eye. I plug the team leave alo ne be able to comprise the ambit on record conterminous year, he tell with a wiz of confidence. I certain production to so, replied Wisner. The contract penalty of $10,000 per solar day for raceway late is nobody compared to what handler Pitterno get out do to you if our outset game with Penn put forward is hold up or undersideceled. hillock, sweat slightly, did not expect to respond. In foot-ball-crazy Texas, pitchers mound edifice would be bobble if the 270- long clipping soft touch was missed. bet on in his office, cumulus once again reviewed the information and observe that affirmative time estimates kindle be employ as frighten away times.He then equanimous his foremen. Folks, if were not 75% authorized well fetch up this stadium in little than 270 days, I wishing this compute dismantleed flow me the address figures for a intention date of 250 days- likewise for 240 days. I wishing to be early, not unspoiled on time. 1. bring o n a earnings sketch for hillock Construction and ascertain the vituperative path. How long is the consider expect to take? 2. What is the hazard of complete in 270 days? 3. If it is essential to clangoring to 250 or 240 days, how would Hill do so, and at what be? As tell in the case, affect that sanguine time estimates can be use as crash times. aa

Analysis of the Basketball Free Throw

Analysis of the basketball game Free stray Analysis of the basketball Free impart Abstract The think of this paper is to consider muster out visualise up snatch uping in basketball and to manifest the relationship surrounded by structural and operative anatomy and feat performance. This paper bequeath discuss the passs and fulfills that be all-important(a) for the deed and how these muscles relate specifically to the hunting expedition outcome, close/facilitating joints and associated structures. Also discussed is the gang of muscle and joint motions important for driving achiever. We also shortly discuss the sources of doing failure. The final instalment of this paper go away discuss how this causa is critical for success in bluster and what happens with aging, disease, or reproach that can via media function and exp whizznt to perform the tr leftover. mental hospital The big earn sapidity is one the most important diaphysiss in basketball. In fact, around 20% of all points scored in the NCAA Division 1 argon from vindicate cast offs conjectures (Kozar, Vaughn, Lord, Whitfield, & Dve 243-248). The importance of this shaft increases later in the game, because sluttish people throws be to comprise great percentage of the points that are scored in the populate 5 proceeding than the initial 35 minutes by either the wining or the losing team (Kozar et al., 123-129). The degage throw apoplexy is considered as the easiest stroke for a master key basketball faker, as the player stands alone, 15 feet away from the wicket door with no defence reaction or distraction. The player needs to submit ready target, old the ball and shoot (Okubo & Hubbard, 2006). A prospering free throw shot requires lately concentration, and most importantly good mechanics to take a perfect shot. musical com rate a free throw shot does non come along like an action that needs a lot of performance, muscle groups and joints in a b ody solve together in isotonic contractions, utilizing denary muscle groups in creating the gesture. A free throw shot engages elbow, hip and ankle joint extensors in supplement to wrist and articulatio humeri flexors. In the font of the knees, the joints are hinged and the movement starts with a twirl, preparing for the free throw. Quadriceps and hamstrings dumbfound the ant protagonist and the agonist. This movement happens as you go for knee flection so that the muscles fly the coop in pairs. hamstring tendon contraction pulls the joints which makes the individuals bend their knees. The next movement after the crimp is the knee annexe. When the triggerman releases the ball, the quadriceps is the agonist and the hamstring is the antagonist. The speeding body term would be citation of trunk, berm in inflection that will line address of elbow and wrist flexion. A common misapprehension during the shot is perform shoulder flexion and elbow appurtenance at onc e, so that the elbow appendage contributes less in taking the shot and is combined with the shoulder flexion quite an than adding to the hand velocity. As the ball is brought up with use of two hands, it passes directly in the front of gun for hires eyeball and the shot is aimed with the eyeball underneath the basketball (Alexander 9). When the trunk moves from its flexed position to an extension, the upward movement of trunk would thrust down on the lumbar vertebrae, thrust down on the sacroiliac joints, which in enchantment will vitality down on the bodys hip joints. human knee joints respond to descending(prenominal) force contractable by the hips by producing a great knee flexion. Players who, for various(a) reasons, do not have the requisite trunk flexion in this act of the free throw shot would falling off their ability to effect their oarlocks for the shot and so might end up losing mount contribution of leg extension from the deep flexed position to fr ee throw. It has been suggested that trunk extension can succor in triggering much forceful import of knee extension. Additionally, a deeper trunk extension produces added hyperextension at the neck area destiny the shooter to deem the focus on the rim (Oddsson 109-118).

International Marketing plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International Marketing plan - Essay Example southeast African food grocery has been a market on the rise especially after the apartheid times dating back to 1994. McDonalds has had to adapt to the South African market in respect to its political, legal, and economic as well as the social environment. A trusty wishing to operate in an international market must have the lowstanding that different nations point different systems of operation (Kotler 1997). These systems include taxation laws, government policy, a countrys inflation, interest and exchange rates, culture of the people, level of technology among others.The first consideration in this story is the SLEPT analysis of McDonalds in South Africa. As earlier highlighted the end of apartheid in South Africa brought forth a great deal of developments in South Africa and in particular increased interest by foreign investors (Kotler 1997). In the lead was McDonalds which set its first restaurant in November 1995. The factors th at have come to affect McDonalds under SLEPT analysis are legal, political, economic, technological as well as social ones. on that point are those factors related to language, ethnic background(s), religion of a people and set that they hold as well as perceptions. These factors are known to force mansions to adopt completely different approaches to the market especially in the way the firm advertises its products. There are certain values and beliefs, societal norms and cultural orientations that the firm must put into consideration in conducting its day to day business. In the South African context, McDonalds faces a culture that is not too liberal like that of its mother country, USA. For this reason its products and their adverts must conform to the accepted norms under the African culture. There was also the perception that firms like McDonalds were established in South Africa to serve the bloodless population (Kotler 1997). Due to the just ended apartheid regime, the blac k population had resented white affiliated facilities, goods and amenities. For this reason McDonalds had to take this market from a totally different perspective from that of maybe, China. The names and symbols of the products have to conform to the linguistic connotations or manifestations of South Africa. The firm in its adverts includes South African language so as to attract and make customers feel that McDonalds is part of them. Legal/political factorsIn all countries of the world, businesses are operated within the legislation frameworks set. In South Africa the adverts must conform to moral standards upheld in the law. Scenes that appear provocative for example nudity are outlawed as well as language use in adverts which should fall within the realms of social conformity. Failure to uphold these standards results in legal suits against a firm and as well as other harsh measures like license cancellation in more deviant cases. As highlighted earlier, the political changes tha t occurred in the early 1990s do McDonalds to view South Africa as a viable market (Kotler 1997). The political atmosphere has been quite stable as compared to many of its neighbours and this has enabled the firm to thrive. Corruption on the other hand has been relatively put to check which has made McDonalds and many other multinationals to have a better

Case 3 Exposing workers to Plutonium-Case Study

3 Exposing workers to Plutonium- - Case Study ExampleUnder their circumstances, they are non justify in denying some races employment opportunities based on their color (Connolly, 2009). They should equally employ their workers from all races based on their qualifications for them to be termed as just (Pojman, 2010).No, the Kaiser Aluminum does not have a justified policy. Kaiser insists on giving preferential treatment to their employees who are of black origin by providing them with more employment opportunities until the time their wide equals their percentage in the areas workforce. This is not good because it will tend to limit the chances of other races who may have a more dependent and willing workforce that requires employment. Their selection processes were also biased since they did not consider the qualifications of most employees as witnessed in the recruitment of two blacks who had inferior qualifications when compared to some egg white applicants who had been turned away (Connolly, 2009). Their policy should be revised to state that, Kaiser Aluminum will employ people from all races on the basis of their qualifications and their numbers in the areas population.Kaisers policy leads to the reverse discrimination that Weber encounters during their recruitment processes. Weber is denied selection despite the fact that he has more seniority that some(prenominal) of the blacks who had been selected. He files a lawsuit of racial discrimination against Kaiser though the courts rule that he is not a victim. Weber fails to be selected since the company had agreed to hallow preferential treatment to the black population in an effort to end the previous racial injustices that existed (Connolly, 2009). The denial of an employment opportunity to Weber is not justified since he had qualified better than some of the selected recruits but has been denied due to his color which is not his choice to. Kaiser should have considered the victims seniority before d ismissing him

Frederic Chopin and Louis Moreau Gottschalk Essay

Frederic Chopin and Louis Moreau Gottschalk - Essay ExampleGottschalk was considered to be the first widely recognized American haul upr in Europe (George, M.R., 1987, Starr, S., 2000)Chopin and Gottschalk both composed and played Romantic period music though their music is quite different. The musical works of Beethoven, Mozart, and Hadyn meliorate Chopin. Much of Chopins music was considered to resemble Bach and Mozart. An obvious example of this being Chopins 24 preludes in which all 24 of the keys mirror Bachs 48 preludes and fugues. The song-like melodies of his Nocturnes, which feature a gentle and flowing bass, are very much indite in the style of Italian bel canto opera (Kennedy, M., 2004).Those that came before him also influenced Gottschalk, plainly he was not inspired by what today are considered classical composers. His time spent in South America and the Caribbean. His early days in peeled siege of Orleans influenced much of his music in that he utilized much of th e rhythmic variations that are characteristic of South American and Afro-American music. His works The Banjo, grievous Fantasie and Souvenir de Porto Rico were non- customsal pieces based on traditional Caribbean and South American pieces from unknown composers. He was very forth coming on any of his quotations and forever acknowledged any borrowing from unknown work. He also did compose traditional, salon music. These pieces particularly The Dying Poet were very popular but ultimately considered middle-level to his more ethnic pieces (Lowens, I., 2008). As Gottschalks music was mainly untraditional and nationalistic, Chopins was based more on tradition. However Chopins polonaises were written to celebrate Polish culture and tradition and in this sense his music was nationalistic. He produced compositions of his nationality (George, M.R. 1987). Some of Gottschalks early pieces La Bananier and Bamboula were based from music Gottschalk experienced in his youth in New Orleans (Starr , S., 2000). But the purpose of this nationalistic music is quite different. Chopins polonaises were written to celebrate Polish culture and Gottschalks pieces have an American influence but were not written to celebrate American culture. Gottschalk did eventually write some pieces during the Civil war celebrating the patriotic spirit (he supported the north), entitled The Union, and he was considered a patriot but his music did not inspire the nationalistic pride that Chopins evoked. Both composers mainly wrote music for the piano. Gottschalks pieces were written for two and four hands thought he did compose a few works for orchestra, opera, ballet and a programmatic symphony, A Night in the Tropics. Chopin frowned upon programmatic music and any musical scene painting. He maintained a classical purity and discretion in his music that resembles much of the music written before his lifetime. He also wrote primarily for the piano whether as a solo instrument or as an accompiament. Hi s works include sonatas, interludes, nocturnes, preludes and etudes (Lowens, I., 2008, Michalowski, K., 2008). One of the largest differences between these two composers is not their compositions but their playing styles. Chopin required strict attendance on rhythm and the legato style or connection of two notes. He was very attentive to technique and playing a piece as it was written. All of his melodies are written out with no room for improvisation. Pianists can find Chopins music challenging to play as he documented the all-rhythmic

Trends in Contemporary Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words - 1

Trends in Contemporary Society - Essay ExampleThis will be followed by an exploration of the cellular phone and its relevance today. flavour at the trend of banning cell phone use while driving, this section will explore the ways in which the cellular phone is perceive of as a hazard while driving. Fin bothy, we explore television as the most ubiquitous technological phenomenon and the ways in which this media helps further democracy and guiltless thought. Significantly, technological trends are at the forefront of kind change and the following will explore a multitude of technological trends and look at their social significance.iPod, through its parent company Apple Computers, has fundamentally transformed the ways in which people listen to music. Whether it is through the Ipod personal audio system, downloaded tracks through iTunes, or through the highly popular innovation of the iPhone, Apple has successfully appealed to its target demographic through a variety of innovative means. iPod has successfully outmaneuvered nearly all of its adversaries within the personal music field and radically transformed an industry. Whether it is the iPod shuffle, the iPod touch, classic or nano, this particular product continues to innovate and thus has maintained its supreme identify at the helm of the personal listening device field. With bright new flashy skins, as well as a series of interfaces which tie straight off into the Apple network, the innovation of the iPod continues and has ensured that this product remains at the forefront of an ever-changing industry. Teenagers are the primary audience for Apples strategic marketing campaigns as they are also an important buying demographic unencumbered by major financial obligations. Teenagers are the demographic who may be able to knuckle under to spend $250 on the latest iPod or the accessories associated with the latest personal mp3 player. Because teenagers often have more disposable and non-discretionary incom e than most other demographic groups, they

Comprehensive case analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Comprehensive case analysis - Essay Example florid has towards its workers include maintaining ethical conduct in its workplace and virtually vitally prohibit the devastating financial implications imposing adverse impact on the families of such(prenominal) workers (Nkomo et al., 2007).The challenges relating to human resource that the US based firms generally face when they globalize include problems related to hiring as well as retaining their respective potential workers and most vitally forming a globalized workforce (Commonwealth of Australia, 2011 Goldsmith, 2008).If I would have been in the place of Goldstone, I would have designed such an effective policy based on which the adverse financial implications on the families of the workers in the firm are mitigated by a considerable degree. In this similar context, such policies would also come across better pays as well as other benefits to the workers along with maintaining diversity in the workplaceBased on the above discussi on, I have intentional that maintaining ethical norms in the workplace by taking into concern the benefits of the workers is quite indispensable element to reap available benefits and avoid the challenges. This particular case for certain revealed the challenges associated with the management might unfavorably influence the families of the workers particularly in the domain of health care. As a healthcare manager, the implications of the case provided can be ascertain as strengthening the interests of the workers as per their respective needs for delivering quality services to the patients.Goldsmith, M. (2008). Human resources the big issues. Retrieved from

Contemporary responses by the criminal justice system towards victims Essay

Contemporary responses by the criminal justice body towards victims and witnesses of horror - Essay ExampleBecause most of the documented crime reported to the police by victims and/or witnesses, they evidently have a crucial role to play in the process of dispensing justice, especially in those cases where in the accused denies any culpability. Maybe unexpectedly, considering its reliance on the eagerness of victims and/or witnesses to cooperate, the response of the CJS towards victims and/or witnesses has beforehand been described, at least in common fairness systems, by disregard and every so often by careless and unsympathetic treatment. Nevertheless, recently, a string of victim-oriented programmes has been launched in the United Kingdom. This essay argues that victims and witnesses nowadays make love a much greater role and importance in the criminal justice system than in the earlier periods. The investigation by the Victims Champion for the Ministry of nicety of the resp onse of the CJS to the victims and witnesses emphasised in its statement A great deal of positive work has been done to improve the support available for victims and witnesses but at that place is still a disparity between policy and reality for victims (Easton & Piper, 2012, p. 188). ... n three phases the years related to the growth of compensation, 1960-75 the years related to the growth of bad-tempered programmes to assist victims and witnesses, 1975-80 and the era from the 1980s when victim assistance initiatives were established and a greater participation of victims and witnesses in the CJS was called for (Easton & Piper, 2012, pp. 188-189 Hostettler, 2009). The support for victims and witnesses in recent times has had deuce quite distinct features first, it may be considered a victims welfare model, while the other procedure is to grant victims importance to affect results. Victims needs were firmly highlighted in Criminal Justice The Way Ahead. Victims have been granted t he opportunity to give a personal report to the court describing the impacts of the crime on their lives. In April 2006, a Code of Practice for the Victims of Crime was ratified (Easton & Piper, 2012, p. 189 Wahidin & Carr, 2013 Dignan, 2005). Nevertheless, in order to demonstrate how the response of the criminal justice system to victims and witnesses within the criminal justice system has improved in the contemporary period, it is important to look at the victims status within the CJS during the earlier periods. In particular, the era of victim disenfranchisement emerged in the 19th century, rough at the same time as the state started to take on the prime obligation for the trial of criminals instead of handing over the task to prosecution bodies, or to victims and witnesses themselves, as in the earlier period (Dignan, 2005, p. 63 Comwell, 2008). According to Comwell (2008), this reassignment of duties co-occurred with the launching of specialised law enforcement, whose duty was to investigate crimes and put alleged criminals on trial. Theoretically,

Five Types of Customers in the Retail Setting Essay

Five Types of Customers in the Retail Setting - Essay ExampleIn fact, grabbing customer attention is not a better-looking deal further retaining customer loyalty requires schema and sound thinking at the top. A satisfied customer often takes pride in becoming a seemliness ambassador for the company. Companies admit that the loyal customer base is often not more than 20 percent, but it is widely believed that often this segment constitutes more than 50 percent of sales for the company1. The loyal customers buy because they simply prefer the shop, feel a sense of belonging to the shop, and find it hard or even undoable to source their goods from other retailers. These loyal customers visit the stores at a specific interval and often buy everything that they need in the outlet.Discount customers form other very important customer segment. A retail store in particular needs to take into account the changing needs and requirements of the customers, depending upon the changing enviro nment, nutrient habits, time management, availability of alternates in the market, increasing awareness about environmentally friendly goods and services etc. This certainly proves to be a dependable strategy for the store to earn the loyalty of the customer while successfully attracting more customers. In addition, providing discounts on different occasions also proves to be a big attraction. Christmas time is one of those occasions when every store puts up billboards announcing the sale and another bonanza for their customers. The sale happens to be a favorite word for customers in general. Then a search starts to look for best bargains which could fetch the customer more value for their money. Though loyalty counts on such occasions as well, because first of all the customers would look towards their favorite store for such announcements, they dont mind visiting another store delivering quality products at mesmeric prices.

Interservice Cpabilities for Crisis Response Essay

Interservice Cpabilities for Crisis Response - Essay Examplelly, in shall explicit various ways through, which the United States Inter-Service Capabilities can be improved in rule to ensure that their efforts directed towards eliminating or reducing the crises in the region is improved.It is app arnt that there are various issues that triggered the army conflicts in Algeria and Morocco. However, taking a approximate analysis of the issues provided in the case study it is apparent that trigger of conflict in Algeria and Morocco are quite different, but the concerned individuals are majorly driven by personal interests. The effective capabilities that can be used by the United States Service includeFacilitating Negotiations between the Concerned Parties It is important that the United States engage pee-pee a platform between the concerned parties in Algeria and Morocco in order to determine the root causes of the conflict thereby formulating appropriate solutions. In Algeria, there is a major problem between the Military and the central Government, the United States, through its envoys can facilitate for negotiations between the military and the government in order to take a leak peace between the two groups through reconciliation. Peaceful negotiations are evidently more important as compared to the application of military interventions that basically involve utilisation of tremendous use of resources as well as the loss of lives. Peaceful negotiations can also be extended towards countries that support violence conflicts through render of weapons and funds i.e. in the case of Iran and Sudan.Intensive Awareness Creation among the Groups on the Importance of Peace In as much as many countries are aware of the importance of peace in social and economic development, it seems that in many cases this information is usually overlooked. It is therefore important that the United States, through its envoys i.e. the US Naval Service or a panel of Diplomats engage i n a program that would basically focus not only on military

Approaches to management and leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Approaches to management and leadinghip - Essay ExampleWestern notions of loss leadership and management be distinct as to say that these compel tasks to be done by hook or by crook. For that, Western approaches to management have always been purely based upon certain principles. The primary objective that includes all those principles is the objective of economic gain. Financial stability or the policy called Laisez Faire has always been on the forefront of promoting product line by any means. In achieving this purpose, the workers or the employees argon considered to be a means towards an end. In the Marxist point of view, the employees ar next to commodities that are extensively used to generate revenue (Kumar & Ghosh, pp. 2-4, 2003). Whether we talk about the 19th Century when agricultural society was transforming into an industrial society or we talk about the contemporary world, the Western approaches have always been alike. Earlier, in the Western society, employees were treated a little less than human and were merely considered as means. Western philosophers and theorists like Plato, Machiavelli, Karl Marx, whoremonger Adair and many others have proposed certain theories that are applied to the Western management approaches and concepts. The theories like situational, trait and contingency theories are inculcated in the leadership concepts and these advocate that leaders have the mandate to use power and control over the manipulation of circumstances or adapt certain traits that they think are required in the present situation and that enhance their skills. Experts suggest that the approach towards leadership in the Western parameter revolves around certain traits that are utterly distinctive and come apart the Western writers from the Eastern concepts. These characteristics are goal orientation, at first. Western leadership approach tend to direct itself to a certain prescribed goal enchantment having multiples of these, however, Eastern theo rists do not tend to think that having one single goal in mind can work in the long pull in but a leader is one who has to manage multiple tasks together. Secondly, the concept of leadership in the West also stresses upon the characteristic of one-on-one relations. As mentioned earlier, the leader has more than merely a cursory view of the work that the subordinates assume. Moreover, the individual concerns get individual and formal time rather than incorporating them in a socialized gathering. Thirdly, Western approach bases there results on a short-term level they are indeed goal oriented but they tend to achieve a single goal at a certain point in time and attain there short-term prospective before moving forward. freethinking and a logical attitude is the final characteristic that defines the Western arena of leadership. The Western leadership concept tries to base all its step, methods and procedures on appropriate conclude rather than on emotional grounds. Marx argues that the people in the managerial position are in control of the means of production of the organization and thus are not liable to any one. He analyzed that they have the power and thus, they exploit the subordinates in order to make a task done and suit the goals of the organization. Moreover, the theorist also cites that these are the people who are in close contact with the owners who gratuitously rely upon them as making and breaking of policies for the organization since they are considered as the best skilled people for this job. Thus, the overall control comes in handy to the managers who try to perpetuate the school of thought, which they have already learned from their instruction institutes (Kumar & Ghosh, pp. 73-74, 2003). One major thing that separates the Eastern concepts of management and leadership from those of the Western

Financial Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Financial Management - Essay ExampleThe company is deemed to be the third largest retailer with respect to the amount of revenue that it produces (Potter, 2011 Deloitte, 2010). To examine and analyze the financial executing of the company, the ratio analysis technique needs to be used. symmetry analysis is a technique which uses a set of different financial measures known as financial ratios, in order to analyze the financial performance of a company. These financial ratios of the company would be comp bed with its prior year ratios to understand whether there is any improvement in the performance of the company (Shim et al, 2000). The financial ratios for Tesco plc are as follows Ratios 2010 2009 fluidity Ratios actual ratio 0.73 1 0.75 1 Quick ratio 0.44 1 0.61 1 Gearing Ratios Gross debt-equity ratio 74.9% 109.6% Net vex c everyplace 3.1 times 7 times Profitability Ratios Gross Profit adjustment 8.22% 7.76% Net Profit Margin 4.1% 3.99% Investment ratios Earnings per share 29.33 cents 27.50 cents (Annual Report, Tesco plc, 2011) . Liquidity Ratios evaluate a companys ability to pay off their debts when they fall due. Basically it gives a basic picture of a running mental attitude of a company. Current ratio illustrates a companys ability to pay off its short terminal figure obligation/ current liabilities (amount due in spite of appearance 12 months time) with the current assets that it holds whilst the quick and the cash ratio illustrates a companys ability to pay off their debts with the most liquid assets and cash respectively. Current ratios on the other hand analyze a companys ability to pay off their respective debts/liabilities through their most liquid (easily born-again to cash) assets. The ratios in the above table indicate that the liquidity position of the company has worsened in 2010 as compared to 2009 both the current and the quick ratios have deteriorated over the year. The current ratio has fallen from being 0.751 in 2010 to 0.73 1 in 2009. The quick ratio has overly fallen from being 0.611 in 2010 to 0.441 in 2009. This should be a concern for the company as the liquidity ratios are a measure of companys subtleness and long term sustainability. With the help of the profitability ratio, a company can ascertain the increase/decrease in the level of costs, revenues and profits over any given geological period of time. These ratios help in ascertaining the companys performance with respect to the profits that the company/organization has generated. Gross Profit Margin/Net Profit Margin ratios help in ascertaining a companys gross profit/net profit with respect to the revenue that the company has generated this ratio helps in apprehensiveness the changing trends of the operational costs within any particular period of time. Both the Gross Profit and the Net Profit margin ratios have modify for the company over the one year concerned. This is a good sign for the company with respect to its growth, the company s gross profit margin has improve from being 7.76% in 2009 to 8.22% in 2010, this is both because of the fact the company has increased its sales revenue and it has controlled its cost as well. The net profit margin has also increased from being 3.99% in 2009 to 4.1% in 2010, although the change is not a huge one but still for a large company ilk Tesco plc, this change is worth noting as it has increased the company

The Jamarat Pedestrian Bridge Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The Jamarat Pedestrian twosome - Research Paper ExampleIt occurs that the Islamic Hajj voyage is the largest congregation of people on global repetend (Samarid, 2010). About two million Moslem pilgrims observe Hajj during the twelfth lunar Arabic month. Activities commence on the ninth day and terminate on the twelfth. One of the activities done in Mina adjacent to Makkah is the ramy al-jamarat (Al-Haboubi, 2003).Jamarat was built to ease movement of pilgrims as early as 1936 and has been expanded several times. Apart a religious significance, the built social organization serves as a vital logistics piece (Islamic City, 2009). Yet great efforts, the sheer order of pilgrims turn catastrophic. Thus the old bridge is revamped by royal decree for the construction of a multilevel bridge (Islam portal).To define the necessary logistics involved in moving all pilgrims simultaneously, at set times, along stations spanning 10 miles, for about 2.5 million Moslems participating in the week long pilgrimage.The stakeholders identified in this initiative are 1-Government leaders at national and local scale and interrelated institutions, 2-the Islam international community, 3-the design team and workforce, 4-the construction industry, 5-the wisdom keepers or Islamic scholars, Shaikh Ibn Uthaymeen et al.Stakeholder counselling is a gesture of accountability and responsibility to deliver the project development intent. There is even more expectation in Government led initiatives, wherein it is all important(p) that project management meets the needs and interests of different stakeholders. To do so necessitates planning with these different groups in mind and to test what fits best. The assessment of stakeholder needs in the Jamarat Bridge Revamp Project requires a tedious understanding of the relationship between a built structure design and how it affects crowd dynamics, and does a built structure ensure safety in intense and complex flows of people. But this is not as simple as it seems because the movement of pilgrims are within a prone time frame of the ritual particulars, and the increases in worshipper volume should be accommodated in the continuance of Islam traditionalism. Working with a distinct culture, such as in this circumstance, requires a deeper understanding of norms, dynamics in public interactions, and other sensitivities before exchanges are initiated. There are qualities to learn beforehand engaging stakeholder approval. Lateral approaches in the conduct of coordination are not consistently appreciated within certain social structures. Too much equalisation between interest groups could impede on the project, or stem into

Political Parties Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Political Parties - Essay ExampleAs we may notice, Republicans and Democrats seem to uphold comparable ideals when the interest of the American tribe as a whole is concerned, only that they do not share the same opinion as to who are to the highest degree appropriate to be bestowed the objurgate of governance. Upon declaration of the winning candidates in an election, cries of deception are hardly evident unlike in some countries where political parties exist in multitude and butt on hostility against one another. There is more assurance to a majority consensus given the fact that there are only two options available and a clear-cut choice between groups standing for opposing policies.4 If there are other parties, then elected officials do not necessarily ingest majority of the votes thus, what came about is not to be considered national unity. Another reason that gives favor to the two- caller competition lies in the conviction that it is the simplest and likeliest way to have an impressive democratic government.5 In a country that upholds democracy, all citizens are granted equal share in the decisions that affect their lives. There is no calculate making a choice when there is no sufficient information to serve as a common ground. In the presence of many prospective governing groups, people can have a hard time monitoring qualifications, performances, and credibility among aspects that must be look into before a vote is filled out. In a country as large and varied as the United States, a multi-party system would be likely to produce palsy of government at the national level.6 Similarly, the ruling party is openly held accountable for overseeing the government7 that should incumbent officials fail in their undertakings or rather fall light of expectations, they are bound to devise approaches that can ameliorate the situation. In this case, it is safe to assume that the general welfare is put on top priority and corruption, although not completely bro ught to an end, is at least kept to a minimal degree. People will simply go the other direction in the instance of dissatisfaction, and this is what the party in power works hard to avoid. The other party serving as its critic is compelled to instigate remonstrations when dishonesty in the service is observed. They keep a watchful eye on proceedings that do not coincide with the constitutional provisions, and needless to say, hope for a better political standing in the future. In result, power is dispersed accordingly, and any attempt to replace the democratic structure of the government is constantly impeded. The absence of monarchists and Marxists as real choices in most American elections seems an acceptable price for the advantages of the two-party system.8 The United States is a country of liberalisma government of the people, by the people, and for the people. A form of power that is vested upon a single person by birthright9, and the principle that actions and human instituti ons are economically determined10 will only lead to insurrections from the citizens who believe that

Managing Human Resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Managing Human Resources - Essay ExampleThe purpose of any team work is to work toward a valued and common terminal of an organization. The most important aspect of effective work teams is communication between members of a team in an efficient manner. It involves the ability of each member to represent what the other member is thinking and to determine his/her intentions in an effective manner.There are numerous team development theories and this concept is not new in the modern world. These theories create an effective framework by which the contribution of each member of a team to the teams performance and development underside be evaluated and analyzed. Belbins theory in this regard nominate be considered as an important theory in the development of work teams (Napier and Gershenfeld, 1999, p. 79). Belbin suggests that there is world of nine team attitudes that are considered as important to success. The nine team attitudes are divided into three major categories by Belbin s uch as estimate oriented roles, people oriented roles, and action oriented roles. Action oriented roles comprise shaper, implementer, and finisher. The shaper refers to an individual who is considered to be a highly motivated loss leader and possesses sound capabilities in handling pressure (Parker, 1994, pp. 33-37). He is considered to establish high competence with regard to handling obstacles and challenges. His dynamism plays a huge role in encouraging others to accomplish their tasks. The Shaper is considered to display a high level of aggression which may at times hurt the feelings of others. It is necessary that work teams have a shaper for achieving the desired results but the existence of more than one shaper may be detrimental to the interest of the team as it can lead to face offs between the two shapers. Implementer refers to those individuals who are reliable, disciplined, and works very hard to fulfil the obligations of the team (Robbins and Finley, 2000, p. 65). Th ey are

The News Director of a Local Television Station Term Paper

The News Director of a Local Television Station - Term Paper ExampleIn this regard, effect on viewers and story ratings are all important(p) concerns to consider in deciding on the lead story (Harcup, 2009). In the scenario presented, there are two cases of a possible lead story. The first one relates to the city park and the councils decision to close it three days a week. The second one relates to the goal of the celebrity. While the park is associated with owing(p)er viewer effect, the celebritys demise comes with bigger ratings. Even though both are important, the celebritys death makes a fundamental lead story. This is because death is an eventual occurrence while closure of the park is not. There must have been follow-up events on the give-and-take in relation to arriving at the decision of closing the part for the said three days. On the other hand, celebrities are crucial social icons that are great regard to different people. Also, the ratings would not be realized in t he absence of creating significant viewer effect. In the making of lead stories, the viewer effect or the rating achieved are fundamental but not primarily the only concern for journalists and their media houses. There are other after-story concerns that emerge every time a lead story is done. Just like any other business, media houses have financial objectives and goals to achieve. They have to generate revenues in every aspect of their business aspects. To do so, they have to relate all variables that affect the leads story ad further account for the impacts thereafter. The main concern is to create a name for the media house in every aspect that touches on the society as a whole. The city park may is likely to be of much significance to the residents of the city. The death of a celebrity is of national and international concern, making it the most favorable leads story between the two. On the same note, the media houses are likely to have the celebritys death as their main story during that time, following up the unfolding events therein. Disregarding this aspect relative to the likely regard that the celebrity may take for in both national and international contexts would not be addressing viewer concerns. Over and above this, the success of a lead story and the media house at large in realizing viewer effect is as much as significant as a bigger rating. It is important to account for all-round media variables when deciding on the lead story, other than just being oriental to the greater effect on viewers (Harcup, 2009). Part Two Television and images are essential components of social design and development. Regard for tv and movies vary across individuals, with one thing being commonly evident interest for television and movies. In the television and movies context, culture is a diverse and dynamic concept. Variables that define culture vary, but aspects of culture are always evident. Culture is reflected in television and movies in incomprehensible ways. However, the most common ways through which culture is reflected in this regard can be condensed to constitute a few significant and notable ways. Themes of televising and movie making serves as a medium through which television and movies reflect culture (Miller, 2003). Movies must account for some theme, and so do the television. Themes are basically the central variable focused on in television and

Islamic Pottery Essay Example for Free

Islamic clayware EssayMedieval Islamic clayware occupied a geographical position among Chinese ceramics and the clayware of the Byzantine Empire and Europe. For most of the goal it can fairly be said to have been between the two in wrong of aesthetic achievement and influence as well, borrowing from China and exporting to and influencing Byzantium and Europe. The use of drinking and eating vessels in gold and silver, the ideal in ancient Rome and Persia as well as medieval Christian societies, is prohibited by the Hadiths, with the result that pottery and glass were utilize for tableware by Muslim elites, as pottery (but less often glass) also was in China, but was much rarer in Europe and Byzantium. Islamic restrictionsIn the same way Islamic restrictions greatly discouraged figurative wall-painting, encouraging the architectural use of schemes of decorative tiles, which are the most distinctive and original speciality of Islamic ceramics.Era of Islamic PotteryThe era of Islamic pottery started around 622. From 633, Muslims armies moved rapidly towards Persia, Byzantium, Mesopotimia, Anatolia, Egypt and later Andalusia. first History of Islamic PotteryThe early history of Islamic pottery remains somewhat obscure and speculative as little evidence has survived. Apart from tiles which escaped destruction due to their use in architectural medallion of buildings and mosques, much early medieval pottery vanished. The Muslim world inherited significant pottery industries in Mesopotamia, Persia, Egypt, North Africa (African Red Slip) and later other regions. Early Medieval (622-1200)A distinct Muslim style in pottery was not firmly established until the 9th century in Iraq (formerly Mesopotamia), Syria and Persia. During this period pieces mainly used white tin-glaze. Information on earlier periods is very limited. This is largely due to the lack of surviving specimens in goodcondition which also limits the interest in the study of ceramics of these peri ods. The most highly regarded technique of this centre is the use of calligraphy in the decoration of vessels.Chinese influence on Islamic PotteryDuring the Abbasid dynasty pottery performance gained momentum, largely using tin glazes mostly in the form of opaque white glaze. Some historians, such(prenominal) as Arthur Lane, attribute the rise of such industry to Chinese influence.Three main phasesAccording to Lane, the influence of Chinese pottery progressed in three main phases. The first contact with China took endue in 751 when the Arabs defeated the Chinese at the Battle of Talas. It has been argued that imprisoned Chinese potters and paper makers could have taught the Muslims the art of pottery and paper-making. In 800s Chinese stoneware and porcelain reached the Abbasids. The blurb phase took place in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, a period noted for the decline of pottery industry following the fall of the Seljuk dynasty. This period also saw the invasion of the Mo ngols who brought Chinese pottery traditions. The third phase was in the fifteenth century, when much of this influence came through imports made from Tang, Song and Ming dynasties at the hand of Zheng He.Islamic innovationsFrom between the eighth and eighteenth centuries, the use of glazed ceramics was prevalent in Islamic art, usually assuming the form of elaborate pottery. Tin-opacifiedglazing, for the production of tin-glazed pottery, was one of the earliest new technologies developed by the Islamic potters. Middle (12001400)By this period the distinctive Islamic tradition of decorated wall tiles had emerged, and continue to develop together with vessel pottery in a way unique to Islamic art. The Seljuks brought new and fresh inspiration to the Muslim world, attracting artists, craftsmen and potters from all regions including Egypt. In addition to continuing the production of similar (although more refined) tin and lustre glaze ceramics, the Seljuks (in Persia) were credited for the introduction of a new type sometimes cognise as Faience. This is made from a hard white frit paste coated with transparent alkaline glaze.Examples of Islamic Period PotteryGlazed potteryunglazed potteryGlazed potteryGlazed pottery is typical for the Islamic Period in Egypt, but there is evidence that is was already introduced in the Byzantine Period (Engeman 1990). In contrast to Faience and the glazed materials of the Pharaonic period, true glass was used as glazing. Colours were produced by adding metallic oxides. When transparent it could be employ over paintings.Unglazed potteryWater jugs had often filters built into the neck for keeping out the flies. Especially the examples from Egypt are produced with great delicacy. Most of the pottery of free-and-easy use produced in the Islamic period (including down to today) is unglazed. Vessels of uncertain function, with compact fabric suggestions for use vary from military projectiles to storage of vintage wine.

Different types of news reporting on Steven Regrave Essay Example for Free

Different types of news reporting on Steven Regrave EssayFor my media coursework I will be looking at different types of news reporting on Steven Regrave and his fifth Gold medal win. The papers I will be looking are the observers and The day by day Mirror. I will follow the coverage of the British coxless fours triumph in the rowing event final in Sydney 2000. overly I will be looking at the ways Television and Internet are you used for a good reason at presentation the news. I will compare each and find out which is the best resource for the news. NewspapersTabloidThe shred newspaper I shall be covering is the Daily Mirror. The Daily mirror is a really simple newspaper to pick up and read. If you walk into a Newsagents today and look around you will cut this Tabloid newspaper, as it has a big picture covering most of the front page, sassy colours and large words. Also normaly the main news report will have a ingenious pun in the title Oarsome Foursome which is the same pun I used for the title for my essay. All these pictures, vivid colours and large font all catch the eye, which will possibly make you pick up the newspaper.The Daily Mirror always uses catchy clever witty puns, which often make the great unwashed laugh and grin. These puns attract people to reads the paper as it gives a sort of comic relief from possible caustic news.The Daily Mirror uses a lot of subtitles and quotes between large pieces of text, which breaks up large interpretation which makes the tabloid so easy for quick and simple reading for lets say the average man.What possibly makes the papers easy to read its basic Layout, which contains many pictures of the days news. Sydney 2000 was no different. Many different pictures showed all events particuly English athletes competing particularly Steven Redgrave going for his fifth gold medal. Lots of pictures make it easy for the eye. In this tabloid newspaper you can look at the newspaper and you will film the story with out having to read. The paper consists of many little sentences which give you a sense of what is happening but makes it a lot easier and quicker to read.The mirror article provided very basic information with short interviews and direct speech, to make up for lack of solid facts.Possibly what makes the daily mirror or any other tabloid newspaper so quick to read is the language used. Language is simple quick and short to readBroadsheetBroadsheet newspapers such as the reviewer are, almost the complete opposite of Tabloid newspapers such as the daily mirror. For a start the front main page does not consist of bright colours or large coloured words across the whole page.The first thing noticeable about a front page of a broadsheet is the title every single time is normaly very serious which gives an impression that the story being covered will have immense detail, which makes people who are interested in the story a good idea what to expect. Also there are very few subtitles within the text of the story. This makes the limit flow quickly.

Significance Of Social Media Of Pepsi Marketing Essay

Signifi buttce Of genial Media Of Pepsi Marketing EssayMarketing has always been a ch all toldenge for firms since fashioning the comp all, brand or intersection point appealing to the customer with the intention of increasing sale volume. Companies therefore tend to come up with innovative merchandiseing strategies to gain customers attention. Traditional market approaches such(prenominal)(prenominal) as TVCs, printed tugments, tele market etc. have lost their charm due to bombardment of same old merchandising techniques. Customers be now fed up of promotional activities and tend to get annoyed due to excessive market. Moreover customers are so much aware and knowledgeable now a day thank to internet that they themselves pick out what marketing activities they need to see and what to block out. Moreover complaisant networking communities on the internet have created the flow of information to a greater extent dense and fast since affirmatory peer reviews, marketing blogs and consider of Likes on a comp whatsoevers page now make up the customer equity of a firm. This is why more(prenominal) companies are moving towards amicable media marketing as it is a rather inexpensive and easy way to reach a adult sense of hearing with similar taste. We hind end say that the proverb Birds of the same feather flock together is the basis of notion for increasing interest in sociable media marketing. The major reason is that sociable networking websites have communities in which people loyal to a particular brand or users of a crop or any specific taste or activity tend to get involved and interact. This interaction and wagement is what we call as Resonance in the brand ring model which is the top most stage of brand development (Kevin Lane Keller, 2001). More and more companies are now adopting this scheme to directly put across with the targeted customers part providing them with exactly what they need. Such marketing strategies also enhance the chan ces of positive word-of-mouth marketing which is the most influencing marketing strategy we know till now. This report pull up stakes further determine how different companies implement this marketing strategy on with the positive and negative aspects associated with this strategy.Pepsi Refresh ProjectPepsi is iodin of the worlds largest companies and a leader in the beverage market with a tough competition from coca Cola. In fact we can even state that both these companies tend to form a kind of Oligopolistic competition in the market and enjoy large market shares by strategically dividing the worlds region among them. Pepsi is well known for innovative TVCs and tend to blow over a huge amount of capital in this marketing strategy. In 2010 however marketers at Pepsi got the idea of utilizing the social media marketing technique for enhancing the brand equity. They contend a huge gamble by trading their Super bowl opening ad position with a social campaign worth $20 million. T his was a huge risk for Pepsi since they initially did not have a large following on social networking websites like Twitter and prospectbook in distinguish with more than 4 million facebook fans of Coke (Digital Buzz Blog , 2010). However Pepsi launched this marketing campaign in which grants were to be made to an innovative idea which impacts the familiarity or environment and gets the highest number of votes on social networking websites namely Twitter and facebook. Pepsi very interestingly combined two marketing techniques in their strategy one was using social media and the other one was marketing for social good. Thus Pepsi was actually looking at mutual benefits and gaining free publicity for this strategy. This technique turn out a great success for the firm since the mere number of visitors on their website increased by 800% (Moir, 2010) and their following on Twitter and facebook increased world-shakingly too. new(prenominal) companies say their success and tried to imitate as well since the successful execution of this viral marketing strategy was as living proof that social media is the future of marketing.Significance of Social MediaAs stated earlier and in some(prenominal) other sections of this report social media is gaining popularity day by day. According to statistics facebook has more than 800 million active users and 100 million active users of Twitter and growing. Thus we can see that these social networking websites are themselves a huge ground to market the company and create awareness with increased recognition and recall strategies. It is not only the mere number of user but there are several other features which allow the companies to interact with the customers in a rather innovative manner. For example companies can post their pictures, activities, information regarding products and well-nigh the company. Moreover the more significant aspect of social media is getting live on spot feedback from the customers. Companies can e ven measure their brand equity and build it through social media since it allows customers to engage with the company and other customers. Before the emergence of social media concept of communities and brand engagement was not so popular so we can say that this marketing channel has a great impact on marketing strategies of today as well as tomorrow.Advantages and Disadvantages of Social Media MarketingEven though social media marketing has gained popularity and companies claim that it has a significant influence on the profit of a company yet the relevance of number of followers on a social networking website with the actual sales is debatable as stated earlier. There are a number of advantages and disadvantages associated with this strategy. We allow first look as the advantages dirt cheap marketing strategy as compared to traditional techniquesDirect communication channel with the customersInnovative marketing techniques allows sharing the experiences and associations of consu mersAbility to reach a large audience without any geographical boundary with no additional costEncourages customers to engage with the brand community and other customers such creating brand resonanceEven with all these advantages on hand there are some disadvantages associated with this marketing technique such as lack of expertise required to handle social media marketing (Sandilands, n.d.). If not executed properly which subject head updating statuses and posts on at least daily basis then this strategy can only come an additional cost for the company without any positive impact on the revenue. Moreover since social media is based on freedom of speech almost anyone can say anything therefore any negative comments might also trigger negative emotions over a large scale just like positive comments do. In the same way as positive viral marketing is healthy negative viral marketing by a competitors or any regular person may prove to be detrimental for the company.Impact of Social Media Marketing on PepsiPepsi gained huge advantage from implementation of this viral marketing strategy. However we might say that the correlation between the popularity of a social media marketing strategy with the actual increase in revenue is still a topic to be debated yet companies find a significant increase in their brand equity after successful implementation of social media marketing techniques such as Pepsi did. As a proof we can see that the number of followers of Pepsis facebook page in 2010 was around 25,000 however as of today the number has leaped to more than 9 million followers. This can be regarded as a huge success (even though it is still far behind Coca Cola with 55 million+ followers) since it is also a fact that only those companies enjoy a large following who have higher customer obedience which is indirectly judged by the will to engage with the brand. The company tends to promote their brand by posting videos, pictures and updates regarding events organi zed by Pepsi. They encourage customers to upload their own photos regarding experiences with the product and ask random questions like Who hides their Pepsi in the fridge to connect and relate in a rather informal way with the customers. The company also boasts about the number of Tweets it gets per minute regarding a certain project. This strategy has proved to be quite beneficial for the company since more people following the page means more people talking about the product and more people talking about it means higher engagement with the brand which indirectly enhances the revenues of the company. The honcho Consumer Engagement Officer at Pepsi, Frank Cooper, states that at Pepsi they believe that social relationships are a foundation for the effectiveness of their marketing plan the customers tend to communicate with real life social networks about why they love the product and this word-of-mouth marketing influences revenue and profit (Silverstein, 2010).Social Media Marketin g in separate BusinessesAs states above social media marketing and online presence has fuck off a norm in the business sector. The main reason behind it is the growing number of internet users. People tend to Google products they want and read their specifications and reviews online before making a purchase. and so every other firm is adopting social media marketing strategy and integrating it as a formal marketing strategy in their business plans. We will discuss two other business which are implementing this marketing technique and enjoying its benefit.SamsungSamsung has its own page on facebook called Samsung Mobiles USA it is one of the several pages associated with the company. The page currently has more than 21 million users following it which makes this page a huge success. The customers interact with other users of the product, share their experiences, give reviews and even take part in contests arranged by the company. The company also uses this page to advertise the la test releases and informing customers about upcoming products. For example the recent post of Samsung Mobile USAs page is about the innovative features of Galaxy Note II which has around 40,000 Likes. By analyzing the data we can conclude that Samsung also rests on top of the Brand Resonance Model and enjoys great customer engagement thus alter its brand equity.LamborghiniAnother example is of luxury cars manufacturing company Lamborghini which has official community on facebook and Twitter. The company has around 5 million followers on facebook just which makes a huge fan following since this company tends to target a niche market. The company uses these social media channels to promote their cars along with additional products such as Lamborghini Original Accessories which lovers of this brand can buy even. The company also uploads videos regarding sneak peeks into the luxury cars and other specifications which might interest the customer.We can see that companies transaction in any business sector from beverages to cars to automobiles tend to utilize social media to communicate with the most precious asset of a company Customers.Impact of Social Media Over the Next DecadeA major impact of Social Media over the next decade as stated by Asur, S., Huberman, B. A. (2010) will be that companies may be able to predict the success or failure of an offering without actually launching it. This will be done through social networking websites just like companies are doing right now however statistical models can be applied to check the success rate of a product/service. Moreover marketing gurus state the e-marketing will be the future of marketing since customers are no longer attracted to the traditional marketing techniques. What the customers now need is a rather customized and direct approach through which they are listened as much as companies communicate about themselves. To achieve this target companies will be using social media channels such as facebook an d Twitter to form long-term relationships with the customers. We can even say that social media might become the next spoilt thing for advertisement leaving TVCs and print media behind. The main reason is obviously the changing preferences of targeted customers which are mostly Generation X and Y who tend to be more tech savvy and internet users. Even the current statistics of facebook and Twitter show the road ahead as researches state that 55% users of facebook state that they are likely to recommend a brand after becoming its fan and 34% of the marketers have stated to generate their leads through Twitter (Digital Buzz Blog, 2012). With such statistics we can conclude that social media has a bright future ahead and over the next decade who knows we might be teaching the business students 4 Ps of Social Media Marketing Mix. Moreover this marketing channel will cause a paradigm shift a will change the face of marketing as we know it. Old marketing practices will be abolished and c onsidered obsolete. The companies which will not move forwards and adapt this new strategy will be losing on a major competitive edge which companies highly active on social networking websites will gain.ConclusionSince social media marketing has itself become a viral marketing technique it has become a business norm for companies to mark their presence online or else they might be considered lacking in their marketing aspects. However such innovative marketing techniques since totally different from the traditional marketing techniques need to be implemented tactfully. Just like marketers were requisite for developing a traditional marketing plan in the same way experts are needed for socializing on the social media with the public and making their pages meaningful, relevant and distinctive for the customer. The marketing campaigns should also include something customers can relate with since it is more like an informal interaction channel with the customer through which companies can communicate about them along with listening to what the customers have to say. This is why companies tend to encourage customers on social networking websites to share their feelings, associations and experiences with the product. Such sharing of information creates a healthy and long-term relationship between customer and the company. This marketing strategy allows the companies to disseminate information regarding any upcoming event, product or launch directly to the end user thus eliminating any intermediary cost which was incurred in traditional marketing approach. However as stated earlier that this strategy along with several advantage has some drawbacks to it as well but which strategy doesnt? Even if the pros are contrasted with the cons of social media strategy we will see that its benefits outweigh the disadvantages. Therefore companies who need to build brand equity must get themselves socially involved with the public and build relationships with their customers jus t like Pepsi did. The proof of success of viral marketing through social media can be seen in numerous examples one of which is the new song Gangnam Style by PSY which gained millions of views in a matter of days thus social media is the next big thing in marketing.